Acronyms used in the CISA Exam

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ASCII	American Standard Code for Information Interchange
Bit	Binary digit
CASE	Computer-aided system engineering
CCTV	Closed-circuit television
CPU	Central processing unit
DBA	Database administrator
DBMS	Database management system
EDI	Electronic data interchange
FTP	File Transfer Protocol
HTTP	Hypertext Transmission Protocol
HTTPS	Secured Hypertext Transmission Protocol
ID	Identification
IDS	Intrusion detection system
IP	Internet protocol
IS	Information systems
ISO	International Organization for Standardization
IT	Information technology
LAN	Local area network
PBX	Private branch (business) exchange
PC	Personal computer/microcomputer
PCR	Program change request
PDA	Personal digital assistant
PERT	Program Evaluation Review Technique
PIN	Personal identification number
PKI	Public key infrastructure
RAID	Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks
RFID	Radio frequency identification
SDLC	System development life cycle
SSL	Secure Sockets Layer
TCP	Transmission Control Protocol
UPS	Uninterruptible power supply
VoIP	Voice-over Internet Protocol
WAN	Wide area network
Additional Acronyms
4GL	Fourth-generation language
ACID	Atomicity, consistency, isolation and durability
ACL	Access control list
AES	Advanced Encryption Standard
AH	Authentication header
AI	Artificial intelligence
AICPA	American Institute of Certified Public Accountants
ALE	Annual loss expectancy
ALU	Arithmetic-logic unit
ANSI	American National Standards Institute
API	Application programming interface
ARP	Address Resolution Protocol
ASIC	Application-specific integrated circuit
ATDM	Asynchronous time division multiplexing
ATM	Asynchronous Transfer Mode or automated teller machine
B-to-B	Business-to-business
B-to-C	Business-to-consumer
B-to-E	Business-to-employee
B-to-G	Business-to-government
BCI	Business Continuity Institute
BCM	Business continuity management
BCP	Business continuity planning
BI	Business intelligence
BIA	Business impact analysis
BIMS	Biometric Information Management and Security
BIOS	Basic Input/Output System
BIS	Bank for International Settlements
BLP	Bypass label process
BNS	Backbone network services
BOM	Bill of materials
BOMP	Bill of materials processor
BPR	Business process reengineering
BRP	Business recovery (or resumption) plan
BSC	Balanced scorecard
CA	Certificate authority
CAAT	Computer-assisted audit technique
CAD	Computer-assisted design
CAE	Computer-assisted engineering
CAM	Computer-aided manufacturing
CASE	Computer-aided software engineering
CCK	Complimentary Code Keying
CCM	Constructive Cost Model
CD	Compact disk
CD-R	Compact disk-recordable
CD-RW	Compact disk-rewritable
CDDF	Call Data Distribution Function
CDPD	Cellular Digital Packet Data
CEO	Chief executive officer
CERT	Computer emergency response team
CGI	Common gateway interface
CIAC	Computer Incident Advisory Capability
CICA	Canadian Institute of Chartered Accountants
CIM	Computer-integrated manufacturing
CIO	Chief information officer
CIS	Continuous and intermittent simulation
CISO	Chief information security officer
CMDB	Configuration management database
CMM	Capability Maturity Model
CMMI	Capability Maturity Model Integration
CNC	Computerized Numeric Control
COBIT	Control Objectives for Information and related Technology
COCOMO2	Constructive Cost Model
CODASYL	Conference on Data Systems Language
COM	Component Object Model
COM/DCOM	Component Object Model/Distributed Component Object Model
COOP	Continuity of operations plan
CORBA	Common Object Request Broker Architecture
CoS	Class-of-service
COSO	Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission
CPM	Critical Path Methodology
CPO	Chief privacy officer
CPS	Certification practice statement
CRC	Cyclic redundancy check
CRL	Certificate revocation list
CRM	Customer relationship management
CSA	Control self-assessment
CSF	Critical success factor
CSIRT	Computer security incident response team
CSMA/CD	Carrier-sense Multiple Access/Collision Detection
CSO	Chief security officer
CSU-DSU	Channel service unit/digital service unit
DAC	Discretionary access controls
DASD	Direct access storage device
DAT	Digital audio tape
DCE	Data communications equipment
DCE	Distributed computing environment
DCOM	Distributed Component Object Model (Microsoft)
DCT	Discrete Cosine Transform
DD/DS	Data dictionary/directory system
DDL	Data Definition Language
DDN	Digital Divide Network
DDoS	Distributed denial of service
DECT	Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunications
DES	Data Encryption Standard
DFD	Data flow diagram
DHCP	Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
DID	Direct inward dial
DIP	Document image processing
DLL	Dynamic link library
DMS	Disk management system
DMZ	Demilitarized zone
DNS	Domain name server
DoS	Denial of service
DOSD	Data-oriented system development
DRII	Disaster Recovery Institute International
DRP	Disaster recovery planning
DSL	Digital subscriber lines
DSS	Decision support systems
DSSS	Direct-sequence spread spectrum (DSSS)
DTE	Data terminal equipment
DTR	Data terminal ready
DVD	Digital video disc
DVD-HD	Digital video disc-high definition/high density
DW	Data warehouse
EA	Enterprise architecture
EAC	Estimates at completion
EAI	Enterprise application integration
EAM	Embedded audit module
EAP	Extensible Authentication Protocol
EBCDIC	Extended Binary-coded for Decimal Interchange Code
EC	Electronic commerce
ECC	Elliptical curve cryptography
EDFA	Enterprise data flow architecture
EER	Equal-error rate
EFT	Electronic funds transfer
EIGRP	Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol
EJB	Enterprise java beans
EMI	Electromagnetic interference
EMRT	Emergency response time
ERD	Entity relationship diagram
ERP	Enterprise resource planning
ESP	Encapsulating security payload
EVA	Earned value analysis
FAR	False-acceptance rate
FAT	File allocation table
FC	Fibre channels
FDDI	Fiber-Distributed Data Interface
FDM	Frequency division multiplexing
FEA	Federal enterprise architecture
FEMA	Federal Emergency Management Association (USA)
FER	Failure-to-enroll rate
FERC	Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (USA)
FFIEC	Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council (USA)
FFT	Fast Fourier Transform
FHSS	Frequency-hopping spread spectrum
FIPS	Federal Information Processing Standards
FP	Function point
FPA	Function point analysis
FRAD	Frame relay assembler/disassembler
FRB	Federal Reserve Board (USA)
FRR	False-rejection rate
GAS	Generalized audit software
GB	Gigabyte
GID	Group ID
GIS	Geographic information systems
GPS	Global position system
GSM	Global system for mobile communications
GUI	Graphical user interface
HA	High availability
HD-DVD	High definition/high density-digital video disc
HDLC	High-level data link control
HIPAA	Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (USA)
HIPO	Hierarchy input-process-output
HTML	Hypertext Markup Language
HW/SW	Hardware/software
I/O	Input/output
I&A	Identification and authentication
ICMP	Internet Control Message Protocol
ICT	Information and communication technologies
IDE	Integrated development environment
IDEF1X	Integration Definition for Information Modeling
IETF	Internet Engineering Task Force
IPF	Information processing facility
IPL	Initial program load
IPMA	International Project Management Association
IPRs	Intellectual property rights
IPS	Intrusion prevention system
IPSec	IP Security
IPX	Internetwork Packet Exchange
IR	Incident response
IR	Infrared
IRC	Internet relay chat
IrDA	Infrared Data Association
IRM	Incident response management
IS/ORP	IS disaster recovery planning
ISAKMP/Oakley	Internet Security Association and Key Management Protocol/Oakley
ISAM	Indexed Sequential Access Method
ISDN	Integrated services digital network
ISP	Internet service provider
ITF	Integrated test facility
ITGI	IT Governance Institute
ITIL	Information Technology Infrastructure Library
ITSM	IT service management
ITT	Invitation to tender
ITU	International Telecommunications Union
JIT	Just in time
Kb	Kilobit
KB	Kilobyte
KB	Knowledge base
KDSI	Thousand delivered source instructions
KGI	Key goal indicator
KLOC	Kilo lines of code
KPI	Key performance indicator
L2TP	Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol
LCP	Link Control Protocol
M&A	Mergers and acquisition
MAC	Mandatory Access Control
MAC address	Media Access Control address
MAN	Metropolitan area network
MAP	Manufacturing accounting and production
MIS	Management information system
MODEM	Modulator/demodulator
MOS	Maintenance out of service
MPLS	Multiprotocol label switching
MRP	Manufacturing resources planning
MSAUs	Multistation access units
MTBF	Mean time between failures
MTS	Microsoft’s Transaction Server
MTTR	Mean time to repair
NAP	Network access point
NAS	Network access server or Network attached storage
NAT	Network address translation
NCP	Network Control Protocol
NDA	Nondisclosure agreement
NFPA	National Fire Protection Agency (USA)
NFS	Network file system
NIC	Network interface card
NIST	National Institute of Standards and Technology (USA)
NNTP	Network News Transfer Protocol
NSP	Name Server Protocol or Network service provider
NT	New technology
NTFS	NT file system
NTP	Network Time Protocol
OBS	Object Breakdown Structure
OCSP	Online Certificate Status Protocol
OECD	Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development
OEP	Occupant emergency plan
OFDM	Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing
OLAP	Online analytical processing
OO	Object-oriented
OOSD	Object-oriented system development
ORB	Object request broker (ORB)
OS	Operating system
OSI	Open Systems Interconnection
OSPF	Open Shortest Path First
PAD	Packet assembler/disassembler
PAN	Personal area network
PBX	Private branch exchange
PDCA	Plan-Do-Check-Act
PDN	Public data network
PER	Package-enabled reengineering
PHY	Physical layer
PICS	Platform for Internet content selection
PID	Process ID
PID	Project Initiation Document
PMBOK	Project Management Body of Knowledge
PMI	Project Management Institute
POC	Proof of concept
POP	Proof of possession
POS	Point of sale or Point-of-sale systems
POTS	Plain old telephone service
PPP	Point-to-point Protocol
PPPoE	Point-to-point Protocol Over Ethernet
PPTP	Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol
PR	Public relations
PRD	Project request document
PRINCE2	Projects in Controlled Environments 2
PROM	Programmable Read-Only Memory
PSTN	Public switched telephone network
PVC	Permanent virtual circuit
QA	Quality assurance
QAT	Quality assurance testing
RA	Registration authority
RAD	Rapid application development
RADIUS	Remote Access Dial-in User Service
RAID	Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks
RAM	Random access memory
RAS	Remote access service
RBAC	Role-based access control
RDBMS	Relational database management system
RF	Radio frequency
RFI	Request for information
RFP	Request for proposal
RIP	Routing Information Protocol
RMI	Remote method invocation
ROI	Return on investment
ROLAP	Relational online analytical processing
ROM	Read-only memory
RPC	Remote procedure call
RPO	Recovery point objective
RST	Reset
RTO	Recovery time objective
RW	Rewritable
S/HTTP	Secure Hypertext Transfer Protocol
S/MIME	Secure Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions
SA	Security Association
SAN	Storage area network
SANS	The SANS Institute
SAS	Statement on Auditing Standards
SBC	Session border controller
SCADA	Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition
SCARF	Systems Control Audit Review File
SCARF/EAM	Systems Control Audit Review File and Embedded Audit Modules
SCM	Supply Chain Management
SCOR	Supply Chain Operations Reference
SD/MMC	Secure digital multimedia card
SDLC	System development life cycle
SDO	Service delivery objective
SEC	Securities and Exchange Commission (USA)
SET	Secure electronic transactions
SLA	Service level agreement
SLIP	Serial Line Internet Protocol
SLM	Service level management
SLOC	Source lines of code
SMART	Specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, time-bound
SME	Subject matter expert
SMF	System management facility
SMTP	Simple Mail Transport Protocol
SNA	Systems network architecture
SNMP	Simple Network Management Protocol
SO	Security officer
SOA	Service-oriented architecture
SOAP	Simple Object Access Protocol
SOHO	Small office-home office
SPI	Security parameter index
SPICE	Software Process Improvement and Capability Determination
SPOC	Single point of contact
SPOOL	Simultaneous peripheral operations online
SQL	Structured Query Language
SSH	Secure Shell
SSID	Set services identifiers
SSO	Single sign-on
SVC	Switched virtual circuits
SYSGEN	System generation
TACACS	Terminal Access Control Access Control System
TCO	Total cost of ownership
TCP/IP	Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol
TCP/UDP	Transmission Control Protocol/User Datagram Protocol
TDM	Time-division multiplexing
TELNET	Teletype network
TES	Terminal emulation software
TFTP	Trivial File Transport Protocol
TKIP	Temporal Key Integrity Protocol
TLS	Transport layer security
TMS	Tape management system
TP monitors	Transaction processing (TP) monitors
TQM	Total quality management
TR	Technical report
UAT	User acceptance testing
UBE	Unsolicited bulk e-mail
UDDI	Description, discovery and integration
UDP	User Datagram Protocol
UID	User ID
UML	Unified Modeling Language
URI	Uniform resource identifier
URL	Universal resource locator
URN	Uniform resource name
USB	Universal Serial Bus
VLAN	Virtual local area network
VoIP	Voice-Over IP
VPN	Virtual private network
WAP	Wireless Application Protocol
WBS	Work breakdown structure
WEP	Wired Equivalent Privacy
WLAN	Wireless local area network
WML	Wireless Markup Language
WORM	Write-once and read many
WP	Work packages
WPA	Wi-Fi Protected Access
WPAN	Wireless personal area network
WSDL	Web Services Description Language
WWAN	Wireless wide area network
WWW	World Wide Web
X-to-X	Exchange-to-Exchange
XBRL	Extensible Business Reporting Language
XML	Extensible Markup Language
Xquery	XML query
XSL	Extensible Stylesheet Language